Pan Guangdan was one of the most distinguished sociologists and eugenicists of China. He was also a renowned expert in Education. His wide research scope included eugenics, education policy, matrimony policy, familial problems, prostitute policy, intellectuals distributions and etc.
Pan joined the China Democratic Groups League in 1941, and was a standing committee member of the central committee of the League.
Pan was persecuted in Cultural Revolution, and died in 1967, at 69. He was rehabilitated in 1979.
Sunday, September 21, 2008
Liu Dalin
Liu Dalin, also sometimes Dalin Liu or Ta-lin Liu, is a retired professor of sociology at Shanghai University who pioneered the field of sexology in China.
From 1989-1990, he helped conduct a nation-wide survey on sexual behavior and attitudes in China, not unlike the Kinsey Report in the United States. A report on the survey's outcomes was first published in 1992 in Shanghai; in 1997 Liu published the English edition ''Sexual Behavior in Modern China'' . Also in 1997, he opened China's first sex museum in Shanghai; it has since moved to Tong Li, Suzhou.
Liu won the Magnus Hirschfeld Medal for his research in sexology in 1994.
Liu published several books on the history of erotica in China:
*''History of Erotica in China'' , People's Daily Press, ISBN 7-80153-776-9
*''Pictorial History of Erotica''.
From 1989-1990, he helped conduct a nation-wide survey on sexual behavior and attitudes in China, not unlike the Kinsey Report in the United States. A report on the survey's outcomes was first published in 1992 in Shanghai; in 1997 Liu published the English edition ''Sexual Behavior in Modern China'' . Also in 1997, he opened China's first sex museum in Shanghai; it has since moved to Tong Li, Suzhou.
Liu won the Magnus Hirschfeld Medal for his research in sexology in 1994.
Liu published several books on the history of erotica in China:
*''History of Erotica in China'' , People's Daily Press, ISBN 7-80153-776-9
*''Pictorial History of Erotica''.
Li Yinhe
Li Yinhe is a sociologist, sexologist, and an activist for LGBT rights in People's Republic of China. She was married to the late writer Wang Xiaobo.
Born in Beijing in 1952, Li attended Shanxi University from 1974 to 1977. She became an editor at the government newspaper Guangming Daily, then a researcher at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. She married Wang Xiaobo in 1980. In 1982 she went to the United States of America and obtained a Ph.D. in sociology from University of Pittsburgh . Afterwards she worked as a postdoc then as an instructor at Peking University. In 1992 she became a professor at the Institute of Sociology at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Her main academic interests are sexual norms in contemporary People's Republic of China, homosexuality and women's studies.
*《中国人的性爱与婚姻》,Henan People’s Press,1991.
*《他们的世界——中国男同性恋群落透视》,co-authored,Cosmos Press, Hong Kong,1992;Shanxi People’s Press, 1993.
*《生育与中国村落文化》,Oxford University Press,Hong Kong,1993;Chinese Social Science Press,1994
*《性社会学》,translator,Henan People’s Press,1994.
*《中国婚姻家庭及其变迁》,Heilongjiang People’s Press,1995.
*《中国女性的性与爱》,Oxford University Press, Hong Kong,1996.
*《女性权力的崛起》,Chinese Social Science Press,1997.
*《中国女性的感情与性》,China Today Press,1998.
*《同性恋亚文化》,China Today Press,1998.
*《虐恋亚文化》,China Today Press,1998.
Li has been active in calling for greater tolerance for nonconventional in China. She thinks the country is undergoing a ''de facto'' sexual revolution, and encourages people to re-examine traditional attitudes towards and homosexuality. She proposes decriminalization of and prostitution . She also believes that monogamy is a personal decision made between a couple, and should not be enforced by law or social pressure
As a member of the national committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Li had submitted proposals to legalize same-sex marriages in 2003, 2005 and 2006. None have succeeded so far.
She was a keynote speaker at the 2006 in Montreal.
Li also publicly speaks about other issues of social justice, such as the growing urban-rural divide in China.
Biography
Born in Beijing in 1952, Li attended Shanxi University from 1974 to 1977. She became an editor at the government newspaper Guangming Daily, then a researcher at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. She married Wang Xiaobo in 1980. In 1982 she went to the United States of America and obtained a Ph.D. in sociology from University of Pittsburgh . Afterwards she worked as a postdoc then as an instructor at Peking University. In 1992 she became a professor at the Institute of Sociology at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Her main academic interests are sexual norms in contemporary People's Republic of China, homosexuality and women's studies.
Major Works
*《中国人的性爱与婚姻》,Henan People’s Press,1991.
*《他们的世界——中国男同性恋群落透视》,co-authored,Cosmos Press, Hong Kong,1992;Shanxi People’s Press, 1993.
*《生育与中国村落文化》,Oxford University Press,Hong Kong,1993;Chinese Social Science Press,1994
*《性社会学》,translator,Henan People’s Press,1994.
*《中国婚姻家庭及其变迁》,Heilongjiang People’s Press,1995.
*《中国女性的性与爱》,Oxford University Press, Hong Kong,1996.
*《女性权力的崛起》,Chinese Social Science Press,1997.
*《中国女性的感情与性》,China Today Press,1998.
*《同性恋亚文化》,China Today Press,1998.
*《虐恋亚文化》,China Today Press,1998.
Activism
Li has been active in calling for greater tolerance for nonconventional in China. She thinks the country is undergoing a ''de facto'' sexual revolution, and encourages people to re-examine traditional attitudes towards and homosexuality. She proposes decriminalization of and prostitution . She also believes that monogamy is a personal decision made between a couple, and should not be enforced by law or social pressure
As a member of the national committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Li had submitted proposals to legalize same-sex marriages in 2003, 2005 and 2006. None have succeeded so far.
She was a keynote speaker at the 2006 in Montreal.
Li also publicly speaks about other issues of social justice, such as the growing urban-rural divide in China.
Hu Qiaomu
Hu Qiaomu , was a revolutionary, sociologist, Marxism philosopher and prominent politician of People's Republic of China.
He was the first president of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, member of Politburo of the Communist Party of China, permanent member of Central Advisory Commission, and the former president of Xinhua News Agency . He was an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences .
Born in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province in 1912, Hu graduated from the Department of Foreign Literature, College of Arts and Sciences, National Chekiang University in 1935. Before this, he also studied history in during 1930-1932.
He joined Communist Youth League of China in 1930 and Communist Party of China in 1932. Chronologically, He was the party secretary in Xijiao District, Beiping City ; the head of the Propaganda Department in Xijiao District, Beiping City. He was a leader of anti-japanese student & worker movement in Beiping. 1936, he became the general secretary of Chinese Sociologist Leagure , the general secretary of Chinese Leftism Cultural Leagure , and the member of CPC Jiangsu Province Temporary Committee of Labours .
From Feb 1941 to Jun 1966, he was the main secretary of Mao Zedong, at beginning his secretarial work was mainly focused on cultural stuff, but later shifted to politics. His secretarial career was ended up by the Great Cultural Revolution.
Oct 1, 1949 - Oct 19, 1949, he was the president of Xinhua News Agency. He also was the head of the News Office, People's Republic China; the vice president of Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee; the general secretary of the Central Government Culture and Education Committee; the vice general secretary of the Central Government. 1954, He also participated in making the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. 1956, Hu was elected to be a member of the Eighth Politburo of the Communist Party of China, and the alternative secretary of Secretariat of the Communist Party of China Central Committee. 1977, he became the first president of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, later on, advisor and the honorary president.
During the economy reform, Hu was one of Deng Xiaoping's best helpers .
He was the first president of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, member of Politburo of the Communist Party of China, permanent member of Central Advisory Commission, and the former president of Xinhua News Agency . He was an academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences .
Life
Born in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province in 1912, Hu graduated from the Department of Foreign Literature, College of Arts and Sciences, National Chekiang University in 1935. Before this, he also studied history in during 1930-1932.
He joined Communist Youth League of China in 1930 and Communist Party of China in 1932. Chronologically, He was the party secretary in Xijiao District, Beiping City ; the head of the Propaganda Department in Xijiao District, Beiping City. He was a leader of anti-japanese student & worker movement in Beiping. 1936, he became the general secretary of Chinese Sociologist Leagure , the general secretary of Chinese Leftism Cultural Leagure , and the member of CPC Jiangsu Province Temporary Committee of Labours .
From Feb 1941 to Jun 1966, he was the main secretary of Mao Zedong, at beginning his secretarial work was mainly focused on cultural stuff, but later shifted to politics. His secretarial career was ended up by the Great Cultural Revolution.
Oct 1, 1949 - Oct 19, 1949, he was the president of Xinhua News Agency. He also was the head of the News Office, People's Republic China; the vice president of Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee; the general secretary of the Central Government Culture and Education Committee; the vice general secretary of the Central Government. 1954, He also participated in making the Constitution of the People's Republic of China. 1956, Hu was elected to be a member of the Eighth Politburo of the Communist Party of China, and the alternative secretary of Secretariat of the Communist Party of China Central Committee. 1977, he became the first president of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, later on, advisor and the honorary president.
During the economy reform, Hu was one of Deng Xiaoping's best helpers .
Fei Xiaotong
Fei Xiaotong, or Fei Hsiao-Tung was a pioneering researcher and professor of sociology and anthropology; he was also noted for his studies in the study of China's ethnic groups as well as a social activist. Considered by some as one of China's finest and most prominent sociologists and anthropologists, his works on these subjects were instrumental in laying a solid foundation for the development of sociological and anthropological studies in China, as well as in introducing social and cultural phenomena of China to the international community. His last post before his death in 2005 was as Professor of Sociology at Peking University.
Among Fei Xiaotong's contributions to anthropology is the concept that Chinese social relations work through social networks of personal relations with the self at the center and decreasing closeness as one moves out. Among the criticisms of Fei Xiaotong's work is that his work tended to ignore regional and historical variations in Chinese behavior; nonetheless, as a pioneer and educator, his intent was to highlight general trends, thus this simplification may have had significant justification for Fei's intent, even if they contributed to a bias in studies of Chinese society and culture.
Fei Xiaotong was born in County of Jiangsu Province in China on November 2, 1910. His world was one plagued with political corruption and abject poverty. He grew up in a gentry but yet not wealthy family. His father, Fei Pu'an 费朴安 was educated in the Chinese classics, earned a shengyuan civil service degree, studied in Japan, and founded a middle school. Fei’s mother, Yang Niulan 杨纽兰, the Christian daughter of a government official and also highly educated for her time, established a nursery school in Wujiang which Fei attended.
At missionary-founded Yenching University 燕京大学 in Beijing, which had China’s best sociology program, he was stimulated by the semester visit of Robert E. Park, the University of Chicago sociologist. For an M.A. in anthropology, Fei went to nearby Tsinghua University 清华大学 where he learned fieldwork methods from a White Russian, S.M. Shirokogoroff. Fei’s first fieldwork experience, in the rugged mountains of Guangxi province in the far south, ended tragically after Fei’s leg was crushed by a tiger trap, and his young bride Wang Tonghui 王同惠 died seeking help.
From 1936 to 1938 Fei studied at the London School of Economics under the pioneer anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski. His 1938 Ph.D. thesis, based on earlier fieldwork in China in a village called Kaixian’gong 开弦弓, not far from where he had been born and raised, was published as ''Peasant Life in China'' .
Fei’s analysis of the village economy had convinced him that rural industry was needed to supplement agricultural earnings. Returning from England in 1938 to a war-torn China partly occupied by Japanese armies, Fei went to the wartime intellectual center of Kunming in Yunnan in the far southwest, where he and his students studied three villages. In the United States for a year in 1943-44, Margaret Park Redfield helped him to translate these studies into ''Earthbound China'' , which again made the case for rural industry.
But in China it was not for his ethnographies that Fei was known . Fei’s Chinese fame was, rather, as master of lively and engaging articles commenting on society and current affairs. As his popularity increased, so did the quantity of his writings; averaging five to eight articles a month, many were reprinted in books, of which Fei published no fewer than ''sixteen'' in the 1940s.
The central tragedy of Fei’s life shows all too sadly the vulnerability of intellectual endeavors to political power. The plaintiff for the Chinese peasants wrote about rural poverty and distress and the Nationalist government’s failure to address these problems. He became critical of America’s support of the Chinese Nationalists, it was rumored that his name was on a government blacklist targeted for assassination. Fei was never much interested in Communism, the Soviet Union, or Marxism. Without knowing much about the Communists, he admired their honesty, dedication, and concern for peasant welfare. He thought he could work with them.
But soon enough departments of sociology were eliminated. Fei no longer taught and published less and less. During the “Hundred Flowers” thaw of 1956-57, he began to speak out again, cautiously suggesting the restoration of sociology. But then the climate suddenly changed with the “Anti Rightist Movement.” In 1957, Fei stood with head bowed before countless assemblies to confess his “crimes toward the people.” Hundreds of articles attacked him, not a few by colleagues, some viciously dishonest. Fei became an outcast, humiliated, isolated, unable to teach, do research, or publish. Twenty-three years of his life, he would later write, years that should have been his most productive period, were simply lost, wasted. At the height of the Cultural Revolution, physically attacked by Red Guards, forced to clean toilets, he contemplated suicide.
In the 1970s, Fei, internationally known, began to receive foreign visitors, and after Mao’s death he was asked to direct the restoration of Chinese sociology. He visited the United States again and was subsequently able to arrange the visits to China of American social scientists to help with the gigantic task of training a whole new cadre of Chinese sociologists. In 1980 he was formally rehabilitated, and was one of the judges in the long, televised trial of the “Gang of Four” and others held responsible for the crimes of the Cultural Revolution.
His second life was more than ever that of the public intellectual, with important political posts and contact with policy makers. His influence is thought to have been important in convincing the government to promote rural industry, whose rapid growth in the 1980s raised the income of hundreds of millions of villagers all over China. Virtually every week in the 1990s his name was in the newspapers and his round smiling face on television. He traveled all over China, went abroad, to the US, Canada, Europe, Japan, Australia, and elsewhere, and was showered with international honors: the Malinowski Award of the Society for Applied Anthropology, the Huxley Memorial Medal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, an honorary doctorate from the University of Hong Kong, and other honors in Japan, the Philippines, Canada. He played the leading role in promoting and directing the reestablishment of sociology and anthropology in China, training scholars and developing teaching materials after thirty years of prohibition.
Above all, it was as a writer that Fei flourished in his second life. Virtually all of his old books were republished during these years, and he turned out new books and articles in even greater quantity. Of the fifteen volumes of his “Works” , new writings from the 1980s and '90s fill over half. Many of the themes were familiar. He repeatedly and forcefully set forth the case for sociology and anthropology in China if modernization were to succeed. He reminisced about his village fieldwork, his studies, and his teachers. There were articles and books on rural industrialization, small towns, national minorities, and developing frontier areas. He championed the cause of intellectuals. He recounted what he had learned from his trips abroad, and made some new translations from English. There was even a little book of his poetry. What is different in all this new writing is political caution; Fei had too much to do and too little time in these last decades to risk playing with fire again.
He was Professor of Sociology at Peking University, also known as Beijing University, at the time of his death on April 24, 2005 in Beijing at the age of 94. A memorial has been set up in the Department of Sociology at the university, where he has taught and directed since the 1980s.
* ''Peasant Life in China: A Field Study of Country Life in the Yangtze Valley''. Preface by Bronislaw Malinowski. London: G. Routledge and New York: Dutton, 1939, and various reprints and a Japanese translation.
* Fei and Chang Chih-yi , ''Earthbound China: A Study of Rural Economy in Yunnan.'' University of Chicago Press, 1945.
* ''China's Gentry: Essays in Rural-Urban Relations.'' Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953.
* ''Neidi nongcun'' 內地的農村 . Shanghai: Shenghuo, 1946.
* ''Shengyu zhidu'' 生育制度 . Shanghai: Shangwu, 1947.
* ''Xiangtu Zhongguo'' 鄉土中國 . Shanghai: Guancha, 1948.
* ''Xiangtu chongjian'' 鄉土重建 . Shanghai: Guancha, 1948.
* Fei Xiaotong et al. ''Small Towns in China: Functions, Problems & Prospects.'' Beijing: New World Press, 1986.
* ''Xingxing chong xingxing'' 行行重行行 . Ningxia Renmin Chubanshe, 1992.
* ''Fei Xiaotong wenji'' 费孝通文集 , 15 vols. Beijing: Qunyan chubanshe, 1999.
* 1980: ''Malinowski Prize'' of the International Applied Anthropology Association
* 1981: ''Huxley Memorial Medal'' of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
* 1988: ''Encyclop?dia Britannica Prize'' in New York
* 1993: ''USA and Asian Cultural Prize'' in , Japan
* Doctor of Letters degree, ''honoris causa'' by the University of Hong Kong
* Doctor of Social Science degree, ''honoris causa'' by University of East Asia, Macau
* 1994: ''Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership in the Philippines.
Fei also made significant contributions to the study and management of the development of China's rural economy.
Before his death, Fei held a number of political positions, although these are mostly honorary; he was considered by many to be "active politically".
* Vice-President of the 6th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
* Vice-Chairman of the 7th and 8th Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
* Vice-Chairman of the Drafting Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
* Honorary Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League, a minor party which is part of the United Front led by the Communist Party of China
*Deputy Director of the Experts Bureau of the State Council
*Deputy Director of the National Ethnic Affairs Committee
*Chairman of the Central Committee of the Democratic Union
*R. David Arkush, ''Fei Xiaotong and Sociology in Revolutionary China.'' Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981.
* Pasternak, Burton, "A Conversation with Fei Xiaotong," ''Current Anthropology'' 29:637-62 .
*"Fei Xiaotong ," ''American Anthropologist'', 108.2:452-461 .
*A press release of the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
*
Among Fei Xiaotong's contributions to anthropology is the concept that Chinese social relations work through social networks of personal relations with the self at the center and decreasing closeness as one moves out. Among the criticisms of Fei Xiaotong's work is that his work tended to ignore regional and historical variations in Chinese behavior; nonetheless, as a pioneer and educator, his intent was to highlight general trends, thus this simplification may have had significant justification for Fei's intent, even if they contributed to a bias in studies of Chinese society and culture.
Life
Fei’s Beginnings
Fei Xiaotong was born in County of Jiangsu Province in China on November 2, 1910. His world was one plagued with political corruption and abject poverty. He grew up in a gentry but yet not wealthy family. His father, Fei Pu'an 费朴安 was educated in the Chinese classics, earned a shengyuan civil service degree, studied in Japan, and founded a middle school. Fei’s mother, Yang Niulan 杨纽兰, the Christian daughter of a government official and also highly educated for her time, established a nursery school in Wujiang which Fei attended.
At missionary-founded Yenching University 燕京大学 in Beijing, which had China’s best sociology program, he was stimulated by the semester visit of Robert E. Park, the University of Chicago sociologist. For an M.A. in anthropology, Fei went to nearby Tsinghua University 清华大学 where he learned fieldwork methods from a White Russian, S.M. Shirokogoroff. Fei’s first fieldwork experience, in the rugged mountains of Guangxi province in the far south, ended tragically after Fei’s leg was crushed by a tiger trap, and his young bride Wang Tonghui 王同惠 died seeking help.
From 1936 to 1938 Fei studied at the London School of Economics under the pioneer anthropologist Bronislaw Malinowski. His 1938 Ph.D. thesis, based on earlier fieldwork in China in a village called Kaixian’gong 开弦弓, not far from where he had been born and raised, was published as ''Peasant Life in China'' .
"Plaintiff for the Chinese Peasants"
Fei’s analysis of the village economy had convinced him that rural industry was needed to supplement agricultural earnings. Returning from England in 1938 to a war-torn China partly occupied by Japanese armies, Fei went to the wartime intellectual center of Kunming in Yunnan in the far southwest, where he and his students studied three villages. In the United States for a year in 1943-44, Margaret Park Redfield helped him to translate these studies into ''Earthbound China'' , which again made the case for rural industry.
But in China it was not for his ethnographies that Fei was known . Fei’s Chinese fame was, rather, as master of lively and engaging articles commenting on society and current affairs. As his popularity increased, so did the quantity of his writings; averaging five to eight articles a month, many were reprinted in books, of which Fei published no fewer than ''sixteen'' in the 1940s.
The Bourgeois Intellectual in the People's Republic
The central tragedy of Fei’s life shows all too sadly the vulnerability of intellectual endeavors to political power. The plaintiff for the Chinese peasants wrote about rural poverty and distress and the Nationalist government’s failure to address these problems. He became critical of America’s support of the Chinese Nationalists, it was rumored that his name was on a government blacklist targeted for assassination. Fei was never much interested in Communism, the Soviet Union, or Marxism. Without knowing much about the Communists, he admired their honesty, dedication, and concern for peasant welfare. He thought he could work with them.
But soon enough departments of sociology were eliminated. Fei no longer taught and published less and less. During the “Hundred Flowers” thaw of 1956-57, he began to speak out again, cautiously suggesting the restoration of sociology. But then the climate suddenly changed with the “Anti Rightist Movement.” In 1957, Fei stood with head bowed before countless assemblies to confess his “crimes toward the people.” Hundreds of articles attacked him, not a few by colleagues, some viciously dishonest. Fei became an outcast, humiliated, isolated, unable to teach, do research, or publish. Twenty-three years of his life, he would later write, years that should have been his most productive period, were simply lost, wasted. At the height of the Cultural Revolution, physically attacked by Red Guards, forced to clean toilets, he contemplated suicide.
A Second Life
In the 1970s, Fei, internationally known, began to receive foreign visitors, and after Mao’s death he was asked to direct the restoration of Chinese sociology. He visited the United States again and was subsequently able to arrange the visits to China of American social scientists to help with the gigantic task of training a whole new cadre of Chinese sociologists. In 1980 he was formally rehabilitated, and was one of the judges in the long, televised trial of the “Gang of Four” and others held responsible for the crimes of the Cultural Revolution.
His second life was more than ever that of the public intellectual, with important political posts and contact with policy makers. His influence is thought to have been important in convincing the government to promote rural industry, whose rapid growth in the 1980s raised the income of hundreds of millions of villagers all over China. Virtually every week in the 1990s his name was in the newspapers and his round smiling face on television. He traveled all over China, went abroad, to the US, Canada, Europe, Japan, Australia, and elsewhere, and was showered with international honors: the Malinowski Award of the Society for Applied Anthropology, the Huxley Memorial Medal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, an honorary doctorate from the University of Hong Kong, and other honors in Japan, the Philippines, Canada. He played the leading role in promoting and directing the reestablishment of sociology and anthropology in China, training scholars and developing teaching materials after thirty years of prohibition.
Above all, it was as a writer that Fei flourished in his second life. Virtually all of his old books were republished during these years, and he turned out new books and articles in even greater quantity. Of the fifteen volumes of his “Works” , new writings from the 1980s and '90s fill over half. Many of the themes were familiar. He repeatedly and forcefully set forth the case for sociology and anthropology in China if modernization were to succeed. He reminisced about his village fieldwork, his studies, and his teachers. There were articles and books on rural industrialization, small towns, national minorities, and developing frontier areas. He championed the cause of intellectuals. He recounted what he had learned from his trips abroad, and made some new translations from English. There was even a little book of his poetry. What is different in all this new writing is political caution; Fei had too much to do and too little time in these last decades to risk playing with fire again.
Death
He was Professor of Sociology at Peking University, also known as Beijing University, at the time of his death on April 24, 2005 in Beijing at the age of 94. A memorial has been set up in the Department of Sociology at the university, where he has taught and directed since the 1980s.
Major works
* ''Peasant Life in China: A Field Study of Country Life in the Yangtze Valley''. Preface by Bronislaw Malinowski. London: G. Routledge and New York: Dutton, 1939, and various reprints and a Japanese translation.
* Fei and Chang Chih-yi , ''Earthbound China: A Study of Rural Economy in Yunnan.'' University of Chicago Press, 1945.
* ''China's Gentry: Essays in Rural-Urban Relations.'' Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1953.
* ''Neidi nongcun'' 內地的農村 . Shanghai: Shenghuo, 1946.
* ''Shengyu zhidu'' 生育制度 . Shanghai: Shangwu, 1947.
* ''Xiangtu Zhongguo'' 鄉土中國 . Shanghai: Guancha, 1948.
* ''Xiangtu chongjian'' 鄉土重建 . Shanghai: Guancha, 1948.
* Fei Xiaotong et al. ''Small Towns in China: Functions, Problems & Prospects.'' Beijing: New World Press, 1986.
* ''Xingxing chong xingxing'' 行行重行行 . Ningxia Renmin Chubanshe, 1992.
* ''Fei Xiaotong wenji'' 费孝通文集 , 15 vols. Beijing: Qunyan chubanshe, 1999.
Awards
* 1980: ''Malinowski Prize'' of the International Applied Anthropology Association
* 1981: ''Huxley Memorial Medal'' of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
* 1988: ''Encyclop?dia Britannica Prize'' in New York
* 1993: ''USA and Asian Cultural Prize'' in , Japan
* Doctor of Letters degree, ''honoris causa'' by the University of Hong Kong
* Doctor of Social Science degree, ''honoris causa'' by University of East Asia, Macau
* 1994: ''Ramon Magsaysay Award for Community Leadership in the Philippines.
Politics
Fei also made significant contributions to the study and management of the development of China's rural economy.
Before his death, Fei held a number of political positions, although these are mostly honorary; he was considered by many to be "active politically".
* Vice-President of the 6th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
* Vice-Chairman of the 7th and 8th Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
* Vice-Chairman of the Drafting Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
* Honorary Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League, a minor party which is part of the United Front led by the Communist Party of China
*Deputy Director of the Experts Bureau of the State Council
*Deputy Director of the National Ethnic Affairs Committee
*Chairman of the Central Committee of the Democratic Union
Sources
*R. David Arkush, ''Fei Xiaotong and Sociology in Revolutionary China.'' Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1981.
* Pasternak, Burton, "A Conversation with Fei Xiaotong," ''Current Anthropology'' 29:637-62 .
*"Fei Xiaotong ," ''American Anthropologist'', 108.2:452-461 .
*A press release of the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
*
Chen Xujing
Chen Xujing was a leading sociologist.
Chen Xujing was born in Hainan. He was schooled in Singapore and at Lingnan Middle School, at which he enrolled in 1920. He graduated from Fudan University in 1925.. After receiving a PhD from the University of Illinois in 1928, he published his thesis on theories of sovereignty in the following year. While holding a sociology post at Lingnan University, he travelled to study in Germany. He became a professor at Nankai University, heading the Economic Research Institute and School of Politics and Economics, and serving as Vice President of the university. After serving as Vice President of Zhongshan University, he became President of Lingnan University in 1948, and subsequently President of Jinan University in Guangzhou.
Chen Xujing was born in Hainan. He was schooled in Singapore and at Lingnan Middle School, at which he enrolled in 1920. He graduated from Fudan University in 1925.. After receiving a PhD from the University of Illinois in 1928, he published his thesis on theories of sovereignty in the following year. While holding a sociology post at Lingnan University, he travelled to study in Germany. He became a professor at Nankai University, heading the Economic Research Institute and School of Politics and Economics, and serving as Vice President of the university. After serving as Vice President of Zhongshan University, he became President of Lingnan University in 1948, and subsequently President of Jinan University in Guangzhou.
Works
Chen Han-seng
Chen Han-seng was a Chinese sociologist and considered a pioneer of modern Chinese social science, and also a member of legendary Soviet master-spy Richard Sorge's Tokyo ring;
He was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu. He studied at Pomona College, where he graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1920, and he then pursued a M.A. in history at The University of Chicago. In Spring 1922, he enrolled at Harvard University for a history PhD; there he assisted Charles Haskins. However, A year later, he left the United States for Germany, and completed his doctorate at Berlin University. In 1924, he earned an academic position at Beijing University.
He was recruited to the Comintern, also in 1924, by Li Dazhao, as mentioned in his 1988 autobiography ''My Life During Four Eras''. During the 1930s he came down on the Communist side of Mao Zedong, drawing on his field research on the economic conditions of Chinese peasantry for the Institute for Social Science Research. He wrote ''Landlord and Peasant in China'' on this area. He was one of Mao's theorists, and he spent time out of China in Moscow.
From 1945 to 1950, he resided in the USA. He then returned to China, an uncomfortable experience since he was accused of spying for the Kuomintang. Later in the Cultural Revolution, he was harshly treated.
He was born in Wuxi, Jiangsu. He studied at Pomona College, where he graduated Phi Beta Kappa in 1920, and he then pursued a M.A. in history at The University of Chicago. In Spring 1922, he enrolled at Harvard University for a history PhD; there he assisted Charles Haskins. However, A year later, he left the United States for Germany, and completed his doctorate at Berlin University. In 1924, he earned an academic position at Beijing University.
He was recruited to the Comintern, also in 1924, by Li Dazhao, as mentioned in his 1988 autobiography ''My Life During Four Eras''. During the 1930s he came down on the Communist side of Mao Zedong, drawing on his field research on the economic conditions of Chinese peasantry for the Institute for Social Science Research. He wrote ''Landlord and Peasant in China'' on this area. He was one of Mao's theorists, and he spent time out of China in Moscow.
From 1945 to 1950, he resided in the USA. He then returned to China, an uncomfortable experience since he was accused of spying for the Kuomintang. Later in the Cultural Revolution, he was harshly treated.
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